Scoliosis Awareness Month

June is Scoliosis Awareness Month, a time to raise awareness, share stories, and advocate for early detection and treatment of scoliosis, a spinal disorder that causes an abnormal curvature of the spine resembling the letters “S” or “C”. 

The most common type of scoliosis is idiopathic scoliosis, which means the cause is unknown but is thought to be genetic. There are three types of idiopathic scoliosis: 

  • Infantile idiopathic scoliosis- occurs from birth to three years old. 
  • Juvenile idiopathic scoliosis- occurs from three to nine years old. 
  • Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis- occurs from 10 to 18 years old. 

Some other forms of scoliosis include: 

  • Congenital scoliosis- when scoliosis is present at birth. 
  • Neuromuscular scoliosis- when scoliosis is caused by an underlying systemic condition such as cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy, spina bifida, spinal cord tumors, or paralysis. 
  • Syndromic scoliosis- when a unique group of spine conditions causes scoliosis. The most common diseases that cause syndromic scoliosis are: 
  • Marfan’s syndrome 
  • Ehlers-Danlos syndrome 
  • Osteogenesis Imperfecta 
  • Neurofibromatosis 
  • Prader-Willi syndrome 
  • Arthrogryposis 
  • Riley-Day syndrome 

Scoliosis affects one in 40 children and up to one in three adults. Many have gone undiagnosed for years. That is why earlier detection is important, as it can lead to improved treatment options and a better quality of life. 

There is a wide range of causes and ages at which scoliosis can occur. However, scoliosis may appear during the main growth years for children (years 10 to 12), which is the growth spurt period for children before puberty. 

During this time, scoliosis will often present with the following symptoms: 

  • One of the child’s shoulder blades is higher than the other. 
  • The appearance of the child’s head is not centered on the rest of the body. 
  • Uneven hips or one hip may stick out more than the other. 
  • Pushed-out ribs 
  • Difficulty breathing due to a reduced area for lung expansion. 
  • Back pain and discomfort 
  • When the child bends forward, it appears that the two sides of the back are at different heights. 

The main goal for patients with scoliosis is to get an early diagnosis. Scoliosis is diagnosed when a pediatric orthopedist uses a physical exam and X-rays to diagnose early-onset scoliosis. 

Scoliosis can be treated non-surgically and surgically. Some non-surgical treatments for scoliosis include: 

  • Observation 
  • Bracing 
  • The Risser cast 

Some surgical treatments for scoliosis include: 

  • Spinal fusion surgery 
  • The growing rod technique 

Scoliosis is treatable, and the sooner a child is diagnosed, the less likely they will need surgery and the healthier they will be. 

If you think your child may have an abnormal spine curvature, you can visit Flushing Hospital’s Pediatric Ambulatory Care Center. To schedule an appointment, call (718) 670-3007. 

 

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.

How to Reset and Regulate Your Nervous System

Our nervous system is our biological survival system, our first line of defense that is designed to respond to any stimuli, such as an environmental or psychological threat that we may encounter. It works to protect and keep us safe, as it continually processes information and responds to both internal and external stimuli.  

The autonomic nervous system controls all automatic or involuntary functions of the body. It is made up of two main parts, the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. 

The sympathetic nervous system, or “fight-or-flight” system, is responsible for preparing the body to respond to anything that may be seen as a threat, triggering the release of the stress hormones adrenaline and cortisol. These hormones activate our automatic survival responses, which include fight, flight, freeze, or fawn, causing us to experience symptoms, such as rapid heart rate, shallow breathing, and upset stomach, among others. 

The parasympathetic nervous system, or “rest and digest” system, plays an essential part in counteracting the fight-or-flight response and regulating the body’s stress response. It promotes relaxation and recovery, which helps the body calm down. 

It is important to note that our nervous system doesn’t know the difference between a real threat and a non-life-threatening stressor. 

Stress can be healthy, as it can motivate us into action and help us rise to any challenges. However, many people are being pushed beyond the desirable levels of stress and into a state of distress. Our sympathetic nervous system gets sent into high gear because we continue to be on high alert, constantly reacting to stressors after stressors, and not giving our parasympathetic nervous system time to do its job to calm the body. Due to this, many people are not recovering as they may need to. 

Without sufficient ways to reset and recover, we go from manageable stress to unmanageable distress. This persistent trigger can gradually lead to anxiety, irritability, fatigue, exhaustion, and eventually burnout. 

There will always be times when our fight-or-flight response gets triggered. That’s why it is important to have ways to engage the parasympathetic nervous system and regulate the body back into a state of calm and balance so that we can function properly.  

Here are a few ways to reset and regulate our nervous systems: 

  • Breathwork is a deep breathing practice that signals safety to the brain, helping to calm the body and mind. Examples of breathwork include: 
  • Long exhale breathing 
  • Physiological sighing 
  • Birthday cake breathing 
  • Physical movements, such as walking, gentle stretching, or yoga, can reduce cortisol levels and promote the release of endorphins, and get rid of the stress and tension that has accumulated in the body 
  • Spending time in nature can start to re-regulate your nervous system, as it helps lower blood pressure, reduce stress hormones, and improve mood 
  • Crying is a self-soothing behavior that helps to expel stress hormones from the body, providing relief.   
  • Prioritizing sleep is an important way to give the brain and body time to repair and restore themselves 
  • Social connections with people who make you feel safe, calm, and supported can help regulate the nervous system 
  • Intentionally slowing down your pace to signal to the brain that there isn’t any immediate danger 

Many of us may spend a lot of our days in an increased state of activation, as we continually react to the stressors around us, instead of responding to them. Stress is inevitable. However, having ways to reset and regulate our nervous system can help us better cope with our stress. 

To find out more about our mental health services or to schedule a virtual appointment, call (718) 670-5316 to speak with our intake coordinator or call (718) 670-5562 to reach the clinic. 

 

 

 

 

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.

Men’s Health Month- Depression in Men

June is Men’s Health Month. This time is used to raise awareness of health problems affecting men and boys.  

One health problem affecting men and boys is depression. Depression is a common mental health condition that causes a persistent feeling of sadness and loss of interest. Also called major depressive disorder or clinical depression, it changes how you think, sleep, eat, and act.   

Depression symptoms can differ in men and women. Men tend to use different, healthy, and unhealthy coping skills than women. It isn’t clear why depression affects men differently from women, but these differences could be due to factors such as brain chemistry, hormones, and life experiences.  

These differences may also result from the traditional male role, which discourages men from expressing their emotions and instead encourages the pursuit of power, success, and competition.  

Men with depression may exhibit similar signs and symptoms of depression that women do, such as: 

  • Feelings of sadness, hopelessness, worthlessness, or emptiness 
  • Feeling very tired 
  • Having a hard time sleeping or sleeping too much 
  • Not getting the same enjoyment or pleasure from their favorite hobbies and activities 

Other behaviors in men that could be symptoms of depression include: 

  • Irritability or anger that can get out of control 
  • Problems getting along with their spouse, partner, family members, friends, and others 
  • Controlling, violent, or abusive behavior 
  • Problems with alcohol or drugs 
  • Engaging in escapist behavior, such as spending excessive time at work or on sports 
  • Physical symptoms, such as headaches, digestive problems, and pain 
  • Reckless behaviors, such as reckless driving 

In addition to depression affecting the mind, it can also affect the body. Typical physical symptoms are changes in appetite and sleep habits. Depression in men can also cause: 

  • Low sex drive 
  • Erectile dysfunction 
  • Trouble having an orgasm 

Not getting help for depression will only make it worse. It can cause damage to relationships, careers, and health.  

Depression in men can have severe consequences. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), men in the U.S. are four times more likely to die by suicide than women, and 75 to 80 percent of all people who kill themselves in the U.S. are men. This may be due to men tending to use more harmful and violent ways to do so, such as using a gun instead of overdosing on pills. 

Experiencing depression is not usually a normal part of aging, but it is common for older men. Several things can lead to depression in older men, including: 

  • Health conditions, such as cancer, diabetes, stroke, dementia, Parkinson’s disease, and chronic pain 
  • Stressful life events, such as the death of friends and loved ones, being diagnosed with an illness, or taking care of a partner who is sick or disabled 
  • Social isolation, such as not spending time with work friends or neighbors moving away, can cause the loss of social connections. Feeling lonely and isolated is a top risk factor for depression 
  • Sleep issues, such as falling asleep during the day, waking up at night, and getting less overall sleep, are more likely to result in experiencing depression 

More than 80 percent of the people who suffer from depression, men and women, can successfully be treated with antidepressant medication, psychotherapy, or a combination of both. Other treatment options include brain stimulation techniques, such as electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) or transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS).  

It might be difficult to ask for help. However, if you have been struggling with drastic changes in your emotions or behavior for more than a few weeks, it is time to seek help from a mental health professional. Treatment with a mental health professional can help you to: 

  • Learn ways to manage stress 
  • Think about your emotions and coping strategies 
  • Seek out emotional support 
  • Try to stay on a regular schedule and make healthy life choices  
  • Learn to adjust your way of thinking 
  • Set realistic goals 
  • Decide what is important in your life 
  • Wait until you get better before making any important decisions 
  • Participate in activities you previously enjoyed 

If you are having thoughts of suicide, but aren’t thinking about immediately harming yourself, seek help by: 

  • Calling a suicide crisis center hotline 
  • Making an appointment with your healthcare provider or a mental health professional  
  • Reaching out to a loved one or close friend, even though it may be difficult to talk about your feelings 
  • Talking to a minister, spiritual leader, or someone in your faith community 
  • Joining a men’s health group that deals with depression 

If you think you may harm yourself or have thoughts of suicide, you can call or text 988 to reach the 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline, available 24 hours a day, seven days a week. Or use the Lifeline Chat. Services are free and confidential. 

Asking for help can be difficult for men. However, without treatment, depression won’t go away, and it may get worse. You don’t have to deal with male depression on your own. 

To find out more about our mental health services or to schedule a virtual appointment, call (718) 670-5316 to speak with our intake coordinator or call (718) 670-5562 to reach the clinic. 

 

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.

Ebola Disease

Ebola disease is a rare and severe illness that can be fatal if it isn’t immediately treated. Ebola disease is caused by a group of viruses known as orthoebolaviruses, which are primarily found in sub-Saharan Africa. They include: 

  • Ebola virus (EBOV), which causes Ebola virus disease 
  • Sudan virus (SUDV), which causes Sudan virus disease 
  • Bundibugyo virus (BDBV), which causes Bundibugyo virus disease 

Orthoebolaviruses can cause serious and often deadly diseases, with a mortality rate as high as 80-90 percent.  

Ebola doesn’t spread the same way as other respiratory viruses, such as the flu and COVID. You cannot get it from being near someone. 

People can get infected with Ebola disease in two ways: 

  • Through direct contact with the blood or bodily fluids of a person who has been infected or has died from the disease 
  • Through direct contact with objects or surfaces that have been contaminated with bodily fluids from a person sick with the disease  

People can’t transmit the disease before they have symptoms. However, they will remain infectious as long as their blood contains the virus.  

The incubation period from infection to the onset of symptoms varies from two to 21 days. However, symptoms begin eight to ten days after exposure to the virus.  

The symptoms of Ebola disease can be “dry” in the early stages of the illness and become “wet” as the illness progresses. Dry Ebola disease symptoms include: 

  • Fever 
  • Aches 
  • Pains 
  • Fatigue 
  • Sore throat 

Wet Ebola disease symptoms include: 

  • Diarrhea 
  • Vomiting 
  • Unexplained bleeding 
  • Loss of appetite 

If you live in or are traveling to regions where Ebola disease has been diagnosed, or is suspected, it is important to take steps to protect yourself, such as: 

  • Avoiding direct contact with the bodily fluids of people who are sick, which include their blood, urine, feces, saliva, sweat, vomit, breast milk, amniotic fluid, semen, and vaginal fluid 
  • Avoiding direct contact with items that have touched an infected person’s blood or bodily fluids, such as their clothes, bedding, needles, medical equipment, or any other items that may be contaminated 
  • Avoiding direct contact with the body of someone who was suspected or confirmed to have had Ebola disease, such as part of any funeral or burial practices 
  • Avoiding the blood, fluids, or raw meat from bats, forest antelopes, primates, or unknown animals 
  • Wearing personal protective equipment (PPE) if you encounter people who are sick or have died from Ebola disease, their blood and bodily fluids, or objects contaminated with their blood or bodily fluids  
  • Monitoring your health for 21 days after returning from an area with an ongoing Ebola disease outbreak. It is important to get medical care immediately if you develop symptoms of Ebola disease 

Healthcare providers can diagnose Ebola disease in people who are alive by ordering a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) blood test. They can also perform blood tests for orthoebulavirus antibodies to determine whether a patient recently had Ebola.  

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved Ervebo, a vaccine that prevents Ebola disease in 2019, and two treatments, Inmazeb and Ebanga, to treat an Ebola disease infection in adults and children in 2020.  

Additionally, other treatments such as fluids and electrolytes administered by mouth or intravenously, medicine to support blood pressure, reduce vomiting and diarrhea, to manage fever and pain, and treatment for other infections give patients a better chance of surviving an Ebola disease infection.  

If you or a loved one is experiencing symptoms of Ebola disease, immediately call your local health department or the nearest hospital emergency room, before visiting in person. 

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.

Alzheimer’s and Brain Awareness Month

June is Alzheimer’s and Brain Awareness Month, a time to recognize the importance of understanding what Alzheimer’s is and what steps you can take to care of your brain.  

Alzheimer’s disease is a degenerative brain disease and the most common type of dementia. It causes a slow decline in memory, thinking, and reasoning skills. Age is the biggest risk factor for the disease, followed by sex and family history. 

Dementia is not a specific disease, but an overall term that describes a group of symptoms like memory loss and the loss of other mental abilities severe enough to interfere with daily life, caused by physical changes in the brain.  

Different types of dementia include: 

  • Lewy Body Dementia and Parkinson’s Disease 
  • Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease 
  • Down Syndrome and Alzheimer’s Disease 
  • Frontotemporal Dementia 
  • Huntington’s Disease 
  • Korsakoff Syndrome 

There are many signs and symptoms of Alzheimer’s and dementia. Here are 10 early signs and symptoms: 

  1. Memory loss that disrupts daily life 
  2. Challenges in planning or solving problems 
  3. Difficulty completing familiar tasks 
  4. Confusion with time and place 
  5. Trouble understanding visual images and spatial relationships 
  6. New problems with words in speaking or writing 
  7. Misplacing things and losing the ability to retrace steps 
  8. Decreased or poor judgment 
  9. Withdrawal from work or social activities 
  10. Changes in mood and personality 

Even though there isn’t a cure for Alzheimer’s and many other types of dementia, there are many preventative measures you can take to care for your brain. 

Here are five ways to care for your brain: 

  1. Breaking a sweat: regular cardiovascular exercise elevates your heart rate and increases blood flow to the brain and body. Several studies have found an association between physical activity and reduced risk of cognitive decline. 
  1. Fueling upright: Eat a healthy and balanced diet that is lower in fat and higher in vegetables and fruit to help reduce the risk of cognitive decline. Although research on diet and cognitive function is limited, certain diets, like Mediterranean and Mediterranean-DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension), may help reduce the risk. 
  1. Catching some ZZZs: Not getting enough sleep due to conditions like insomnia or sleep apnea may result in problems with memory and thinking. 
  1. Taking care of your mental health: Some studies have linked a history of depression with an increased risk of cognitive decline. Seek medical treatment if you have experienced symptoms of depression, anxiety, or any other mental health concerns. Also, try to manage stress. 
  1. Stumping yourself: Challenge and activate your mind. Try building a piece of furniture, completing a jigsaw puzzle, doing something artistic, or playing a strategy game. Challenging your mind may have short—and long-term benefits for your brain. 

If you or a loved one is experiencing symptoms associated with Alzheimer’s, you can receive treatment from a neurologist at Flushing Hospital Medical Center’s Ambulatory Care Center. To schedule an appointment, please call (718) 670-5486. 

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.

Summer Recipe: Rigatoni with Summer Bolognese

Summer is approaching, and many fruits and vegetables are coming into season. Here is a recipe for rigatoni with summer bolognese made with seasonal vegetables, a flavorful way to enjoy a relaxing summer evening. 

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.

Labile Hypertension

Labile hypertension means your blood pressure goes up and down in a way that can be difficult to predict and manage with medications. This is not an official diagnosis. Instead, it is more of an informal, descriptive term.  

Blood pressure normally fluctuates throughout the day, even within minutes, based on what you are doing. However, sudden emotional distress, such as feeling very stressed or anxious, causes your sympathetic nervous system to react.  

The exact triggers for labile hypertension vary from person to person. Some people have emotional triggers. Other people can have triggers, such as: 

  • Physical activity 
  • Salty foods  
  • Alcohol  
  • Lack of sleep  
  • Your body position 

To support normal blood flow, your body must adapt to these changes. However, with labile hypertension, your blood pressure spikes to levels that would not be healthy if you had them all the time. 

There is no reason to worry if your blood pressure is in the normal range. Labile hypertension usually isn’t dangerous and doesn’t require treatment. However, it is a good idea to tell your healthcare provider about any high blood pressure readings, so they are aware of them. Your healthcare provider may want to keep a closer eye on your blood pressure in case you need treatment at some point.  

You can have labile hypertension without noticing. However, it is common to experience symptoms that come on rapidly, in response to stress, and dissipate once you feel better emotionally. You may feel symptoms such as: 

  • A headache 
  • Heart palpitations 
  • Heavy sweating 
  • Flushing or a warm sensation in the upper body 

A healthcare provider may determine that you have labile hypertension if they observe a pattern of blood pressures that fluctuate unpredictably, which can make it difficult to manage.  

A healthcare provider may perform tests such as “orthostatic” vital signs, which means checking your blood pressure while you’re in different positions.  

A healthcare provider may also consider looking for neurological causes of labile blood pressure or evidence of stiffening in your aorta and blood vessels, as both can lead to sudden changes in blood pressure.  

If your blood pressure spikes while at home, you can use a home blood pressure monitor that saves a history of your readings to share with your healthcare provider. They may ask you to do ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, which measures your blood pressure many times over 24 hours. Ambulatory blood pressure monitors show your average readings during the day and night, which can show if you have high blood pressure all the time or only at certain times. 

There isn’t a threshold for what is considered to be labile hypertension. However, research shows that it is common to have a systolic blood pressure of 160 mm Hg or higher. 

A healthcare provider will prescribe medicine to keep your blood pressure at a healthy level. It may take several tries to prescribe medications to level your blood pressure throughout the day. Prescription medications may include taking certain, longer-acting blood pressure medications. A healthcare provider may also suggest taking medications at certain times of the day, such as at specific times in the morning, at night, or with certain triggers.  

It is difficult to treat labile hypertension. However, documenting your blood pressure readings accurately and working with your healthcare provider can help make a difference. 

If you or a loved one is experiencing symptoms of labile hypertension, you can receive treatment at Flushing Hospital Medical Center’s Ambulatory Care Center. To schedule an appointment, please call (718) 670-5486. 

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.

GLP-1 Microdosing

Glucagon-like peptide-1 or GLP-1 antagonists are, however, a class of medications that mainly manage blood sugar levels in people with Type 2 diabetes. Medications, such as semaglutide and tirzepatide, have become popular over the past few years to help people lose weight. 

Recently, however, some people have been microdosing GLP-1 medications as their preferred way to take these medications. Microdosing means taking much smaller doses than those approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).  

People may microdose GLP-1 medications for many reasons, including: 

  • They have hit their target weight goal 
  • They have concerns about the cost of the medications 
  • They are sensitive to the side effects of the medications 
  • They want to just suppress their appetite 
  • They are worried about the supply of the medications 

Microdosing GLP-1 medications can come with real risks, including: 

  • Inaccurate doses 
  • Reduced effectiveness 
  • Unpredictable outcomes 
  • Possibility of regaining weight 
  • No data on the long-term effects of microdosing 
  • Minimal oversight  

Large clinical trials have confirmed that the standard GLP-1 doses work well when helping people lose weight and manage Type 2 diabetes. What’s more, precise doses have proven benefits for heart, liver, and kidney health. Taking very low doses may not provide the same results.  

Additionally, smaller GLP-1 doses may help reduce symptoms such as nausea or an upset stomach. However, microdosing may prevent you from reaching the effective dose needed to make significant changes in your body weight or blood sugar levels. In many cases, the side effects of GLP-1 treatment are temporary. GLP-1 dosage schedules are intended to increase doses gradually to help balance their benefits and potential side effects. 

GLP-1 medications affect people differently. Some people may see substantial benefits even at lower doses. However, other people may not see their benefits at full doses. 

Before you consider microdosing GLP-1 medications, it is important to speak with a healthcare provider who is knowledgeable about these treatments. Here are some things to consider: 

  • If the GLP-1 medication is off-label, it is an unproven treatment 
  • The health benefits for those who don’t have Type 2 diabetes or a high body mass index (BMI) are unproven 
  • Taking smaller doses doesn’t make them risk-free 

As an alternative to taking GLP-1 medications, here are some proven ways to support metabolic and overall health naturally: 

  • Exercising regularly 
  • Eating a healthy, balanced diet 
  • Managing stress 
  • Getting enough restful sleep 
  • Eating certain foods and taking supplements 

For more information about the Bariatric Surgery Services at Flushing Hospital or procedures performed by our doctors, please call 718-408-6977 or 718-670-8908. 

 

 

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.

Shigella Virus

Shigella virus or infection is an illness that affects the intestine and is caused by a group of germs called Shigella bacteria. 

A Shigella infection mostly affects children under the age of five, but it can happen at any age. The germs that cause a shigella infection are easily spread through an infected person’s stool. An infection occurs after the germs are swallowed after either touching your mouth, drinking tainted water, or eating tainted food, or due to them being present on fingers, surfaces, or in food or water.  

The main symptom of a Shigella infection is diarrhea, which can be bloody or long-lasting. Other Shigella infection symptoms can include: 

  • Fever 
  • Stomach pain or cramps 
  • An upset stomach or vomiting 
  • A feeling of needing to pass stool even when the bowel is empty 

The symptoms of a Shigella infection tend to last for up to seven days and sometimes longer. Some people can have no symptoms after they have been infected with Shigella; however, the germs may be able to spread through stool for up to a few weeks. 

It may take weeks or months before you return to your usual bowel habits, and most Shigella infections clear up without leading to other complications, such as dehydration, seizures, rectal prolapse, hemolytic uremic syndrome, toxic megacolon, reactive arthritis, and bloodstream infections. 

It is important to call your healthcare provider or go to urgent care if you or your child has the following: 

  • Bloody diarrhea 
  • Diarrhea along with a fever of 102 degrees Fahrenheit or higher 
  • Diarrhea that causes weight loss and dehydration 
  • Frequent vomiting that prevents you from keeping liquids down 
  • Terrible cramps or tenderness 
  • Dehydration symptoms, such as little or no urination, very dry mouth or throat, or a feeling of dizziness while standing 

If you have a weakened immune system with any symptoms of a Shigella infection, call your healthcare provider, as the illness will make you sicker for a longer period. 

Diagnosing a Shigella infection involves a physical exam and tests to determine if you have the illness, as many other health conditions can cause diarrhea or bloody diarrhea. A stool sample can be collected by you or your healthcare provider; it will be sent to a lab to check for Shigella germs or toxins, which are harmful substances the germs make. 

Treatment for a Shigella infection depends on the severity of the illness. An illness caused by a Shigella infection is usually mild and gets better within seven days. If the illness is mild, you may only need to replace lost fluids from diarrhea, especially if you are in overall good health.  

Talk with your healthcare provider before taking any non-prescription diarrhea medicine, as these medicines could make some conditions worse. 

If a lab test is positive for the Shigella virus, non-prescription medicines containing bismuth subsalicylate can help pass stool less often and shorten the length of the illness. However, it is not recommended for children, pregnant or breastfeeding people, or people who are allergic to aspirin.  

Additionally, do not take diarrhea medicines such as loperamide or medicines containing the combination of diphenoxylate and atropine, as they are not recommended for a Shigella infection. This combination of medicines can lower the body’s ability to clear Shigella germs and make your condition worse. 

Antibiotics are prescribed by a healthcare provider if there is a serious Shigella infection. However, some Shigella bacteria can resist the effects of these medicines, so your healthcare provider may not recommend them unless your infection is very bad.  

To help prevent a Shigella infection, follow these steps: 

  • Wash your hands often 
  • Try not to swallow water from ponds, lakes, or untreated pools 
  • Throw away soiled diapers in a covered, lined garbage can 
  • Disinfect all diaper-changing areas right after use, especially if the diaper spills or leaks 
  • Do not have sexual contact with anyone who has diarrhea or who has recently recovered from diarrhea. Wait at least two weeks 

If you or your child has diarrhea or a known Shigella infection, take these steps to prevent the spread of germs: 

  • Keep washing your hands often 
  • Do not prepare food for others 
  • Keep children with diarrhea home from school, childcare, or play groups 
  • Stay home from healthcare, food service, or childcare jobs while sick 
  • Do not go swimming until you have fully recovered 

If you or a loved one is experiencing symptoms of a Shigella infection, you can receive treatment at Flushing Hospital Medical Center’s Ambulatory Care Center. To schedule an appointment, please call (718) 670-5486. 

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.

Employee Spotlight Shines on Daryl Arcinas, RN

This month, we are proud to shine our Employee Spotlight on Daryl Arcinas, RN, Clinical Nurse Manager in the Emergency Department.

Daryl’s journey with Flushing Hospital Medical Center began in 2010. After a brief departure in 2023, he returned later that year as a per diem House Nurse Supervisor before being promoted to his current leadership role in 2025.

Healthcare is a family legacy for Daryl. Born in the Philippines and raised in Jamaica, Queens, he grew up inspired by his mother (a NICU nurse), his aunt (an ER nurse), and his uncle (an internal medicine physician), all of whom served at Jamaica Hospital. A graduate of Stony Brook University, Daryl remains deeply rooted in his community and his family.

Outside of the hospital, Daryl is a devoted husband to his wife, Jasmine, and a proud father to their two daughters, Rosalie and Reilene. Their home is made complete by two dogs: Hero, an Alaskan Malamute, and Nami, a Japanese Akita.

Daryl is a man of many interests, from playing the piano and enjoying live orchestral concerts by Hans Zimmer to staying active through football, golf, tennis, and swimming. An avid traveler, he frequently visits family in Los Angeles and Dallas and has explored much of Asia, with Japan, the Philippines, and Hong Kong topping his list of favorite destinations.

Daryl attributes his success to staying humble, transparent, and lead with integrity. He enjoys working at Flushing Hospital because of its unique “family-like” atmosphere. We are honored to have him on our team and look forward to his continued contributions for many years to come!

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.